https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/doc/topical.html
Basic electricity:
- Atomic structure: [PDF]
- Static electricity: [PDF]
- Voltage, Current, and Resistance: [PDF]
- Conductors and insulators: [PDF]
- Elementary circuits: [PDF]
- Electrical connections: [PDF]
- Soldering: [PDF]
- Sources of electricity: [PDF]
- Physical effects of electricity: [PDF]
- Resistors: [PDF]
- Switches: [PDF]
- Basic voltmeter use: [PDF]
- Basic ammeter use: [PDF]
- Basic circuit troubleshooting: [PDF]
- Ohm's Law: [PDF]
- Energy, work, and power: [PDF]
- Electric shock: [PDF]
- Arc flash and arc blast: [PDF]
- Safety grounding: [PDF]
- Lock-out / Tag-out: [PDF]
- Wire types and sizes: [PDF]
- Design Project: Telegraph system [PDF]
- Magnetism: [PDF]
- Basic electromagnetism and electromagnetic induction: [PDF]
- Basic relays: [PDF]
- Series DC circuits: [PDF]
- Parallel DC circuits: [PDF]
- Basic ohmmeter use: [PDF]
- Specific resistance: [PDF]
- Temperature coefficient of resistance: [PDF]
- Batteries: [PDF]
- Overcurrent protection: [PDF]
- Basic troubleshooting strategies: [PDF]
- Performance assessments for basic electricity: [PDF]
DC electric circuits:
- Voltage divider circuits: [PDF]
- Current divider circuits: [PDF]
- Kirchhoff's Laws: [PDF]
- Potentiometers: [PDF]
- Series-parallel DC circuits: [PDF]
- Voltmeter design: [PDF]
- Ammeter design: [PDF]
- Design Project: Voltmeter [PDF]
- DC bridge circuits: [PDF]
- DC metrology: [PDF]
- Magnetic units of measurement: [PDF]
- Intermediate electromagnetism and electromagnetic induction: [PDF]
- Capacitance: [PDF]
- Capacitors: [PDF]
- Inductance: [PDF]
- Inductors: [PDF]
- Time constant circuits: [PDF]
- Time constant calculations: [PDF]
- DC transducers (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- DC generator theory: [PDF]
- DC motor theory: [PDF]
- Design Project: DC motor [PDF]
- DC motor control circuits: [PDF]
- Performance assessments for DC: [PDF]
AC electric circuits:
- AC waveforms: [PDF]
- Basic oscilloscope operation: [PDF]
- Peak, average, and RMS measurements: [PDF]
- Design Project: Four-channel audio mixer [PDF]
- AC phase: [PDF]
- Inductive reactance: [PDF]
- Capacitive reactance: [PDF]
- Impedance: [PDF]
- Trigonometry for AC circuits: [PDF]
- Phasor mathematics (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Series and parallel AC circuits: [PDF]
- Resonance: [PDF]
- Series-parallel combination AC circuits: [PDF]
- Mixed-frequency signals: [PDF]
- Decibel measurements: [PDF]
- Passive filter circuits: [PDF]
- Design Project: Audio tone control [PDF]
- Passive integrator and differentiator circuits: [PDF]
- Oscilloscope trigger controls: [PDF]
- Mutual inductance: [PDF]
- Step-up, step-down, and isolation transformers: [PDF]
- Autotransformers: [PDF]
- Impedance matching with transformers: [PDF]
- Advanced electromagnetism and electromagnetic induction: [PDF]
- Electrical noise and interference (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Design Project: Sensitive audio detector [PDF]
- AC power: [PDF]
- Characteristic impedance: [PDF]
- AC transducers (PENDING): [PDF]
- AC metrology: [PDF]
- Polyphase power systems: [PDF]
- Delta and Wye 3-phase circuits: [PDF]
- AC generator theory: [PDF]
- AC motor theory: [PDF]
- AC motor control circuits: [PDF]
- Microphones (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Fundamentals of radio communication (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Performance assessments for AC: [PDF]
Network analysis techniques:
- Component modeling: [PDF]
- Superposition theorem: [PDF]
- Thevenin's, Norton's, and Maximum Power Transfer theorems: [PDF]
- Millman's theorem: [PDF]
- Simultaneous equations for circuit analysis: [PDF]
- DC branch current analysis (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- DC mesh current analysis (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- AC network analysis: [PDF]
- Performance assessments for network analysis (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
Discrete semiconductor devices and circuits:
- Electrical conduction in semiconductors: [PDF]
- PN junctions: [PDF]
- Electron versus Conventional flow: [PDF]
- Rectifying diodes: [PDF]
- Rectifier circuits: [PDF]
- Basic AC-DC power supplies: [PDF]
- Design Project: AC-DC power supply [PDF]
- Design Project: Dual-output AC-DC power supply [PDF]
- Design Project: Simple component curve-tracer circuit [PDF]
- Clipper and clamper circuits: [PDF]
- Miscellaneous diode applications: [PDF]
- Zener diodes: [PDF]
- Special diodes (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Elementary amplifier theory: [PDF]
- Bipolar junction transistor theory: [PDF]
- Bipolar junction transistors as switches: [PDF]
- Bipolar junction transistors in active mode: [PDF]
- Bipolar transistor biasing circuits: [PDF]
- Regulated power sources: [PDF]
- Design Project: DC voltage regulator [PDF]
- Class A BJT amplifiers: [PDF]
- Class B BJT amplifiers: [PDF]
- Class C BJT amplifiers (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Design Project: Audio power amplifier [PDF]
- BJT amplifier troubleshooting: [PDF]
- Junction field effect transistors: [PDF]
- JFET amplifiers: [PDF]
- Insulated gate field effect transistors: [PDF]
- Insulated gate bipolar transistors (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- IGFET amplifiers (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Conventional transistor overview and special transistors (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Active loads in amplifier circuits (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Optoelectronic devices: [PDF]
- Differential transistor amplifiers: [PDF]
- Multi-stage transistor amplifiers: [PDF]
- Oscillator circuits: [PDF]
- Design Project: Radio transmitter [PDF]
- Thyristors: [PDF]
- Thyristor application circuits: [PDF]
- Signal modulation (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Power conversion circuits: [PDF]
- Fiber optics (PENDING): [PDF]
- Performance assessments for semiconductors: [PDF]
Analog integrated circuits:
- IC fabrication and packaging (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Printed circuit board layout and manufacture (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Design Project: LED stroboscope [PDF]
- Design Project: Signal generator [PDF]
- Basic operational amplifiers: [PDF]
- Open-loop opamp circuits: [PDF]
- Design Project: Pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal generator [PDF]
- Negative feedback opamp circuits: [PDF]
- Positive feedback opamp circuits: [PDF]
- Inverting and noninverting opamp voltage amplifier circuits: [PDF]
- Design Project: Intercom system [PDF]
- Design Project: Audio media-based signal generator [PDF]
- Design Project: Sensitive microphone amplifier [PDF]
- Summer and subtractor opamp circuits: [PDF]
- Voltage/current converter opamp circuits (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Linear computational circuitry: [PDF]
- Servo motor systems (PENDING): [PDF]
- Precise diode circuits: [PDF]
- AC negative feedback opamp circuits: [PDF]
- Opamp oscillator circuits: [PDF]
- Active filters: [PDF]
- Logarithms for analog circuits: [PDF]
- Nonlinear opamp circuits: [PDF]
- Phase-locked loops (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Performance assessments for analog integrated circuits: [PDF]
Digital circuits:
- Design Project: Logic probe [PDF]
- Digital logic signals: [PDF]
- Basic logic gates: [PDF]
- Numeration systems: [PDF]
- Binary arithmetic: [PDF]
- Digital codes: [PDF]
- TTL logic gates: [PDF]
- CMOS logic gates: [PDF]
- Basic logic gate troubleshooting: [PDF]
- Electromechanical relay logic: [PDF]
- Time-delay electromechanical relays: [PDF]
- Protective relay circuits (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Boolean algebra: [PDF]
- Sum-of-Products and Product-of-sums expressions: [PDF]
- Karnaugh mapping: [PDF]
- Binary math circuits: [PDF]
- Encoders and decoders: [PDF]
- Multiplexers and demultiplexers: [PDF]
- Digital display circuits: [PDF]
- Programmable logic technology: [PDF]
- Latch circuits: [PDF]
- Timer circuits: [PDF]
- Flip-flop circuits: [PDF]
- Design Project: Light-pulse switch [PDF]
- Design Project: Power inverter [PDF]
- Counters: [PDF]
- Design Project: Event counter [PDF]
- Shift registers: [PDF]
- Design Project: Arbitrary waveform generator [PDF]
- Digital-to-Analog conversion: [PDF]
- Analog-to-Digital conversion: [PDF]
- Switched capacitor circuitry: [PDF]
- Digital communication (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Memory devices: [PDF]
- Finite state machines (PENDING): [PDF]
- Microprocessor function (PENDING): [PDF]
- Microprocessor programming (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Microcontroller principles (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Programmable logic controllers (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- High-reliability circuits (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Stepper motors (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Design Project: Stepper motor driver [PDF]
- Performance assessments for digital: [PDF]
Mathematics for electronics:
- Scientific notation and metric prefixes: [PDF]
- Basic algebra and graphing for electric circuits: [PDF]
- Algebraic equation manipulation for electric circuits: [PDF]
- Algebraic substitution for electric circuits: [PDF]
- Logarithms for analog circuits: [PDF]
- Simultaneous equations for circuit analysis: [PDF]
- Trigonometry for AC circuits: [PDF]
- Phasor mathematics (INCOMPLETE): [PDF]
- Calculus for electric circuits: [PDF]
Circuit animations:
- Simple switch circuit animation: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Soldering a wire to a lug: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Electromagnetic induction: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Thevenin's theorem demonstrated: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Lissajous figures on an oscilloscope (0 degrees phase shift): [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Lissajous figures on an oscilloscope (90 degrees phase shift): [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Lissajous figures on an oscilloscope (180 degrees phase shift): [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Lissajous figures on an oscilloscope (2:1 frequency ratio): [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Three-phase motor, rotating magnetic field: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Transmission line with open end: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Transmission line with shorted end: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Transmission line with terminated end: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Semiconductor diode junction (forward biased): [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Bridge rectifier circuit with ideal diodes: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Bridge rectifier circuit with real diodes: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- BJT characteristic curve sketching: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Push-pull transistor amplifier with crossover distortion: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Pulse-width modulation comparator circuit: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Telephony multiplexer system: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- Johnson ring counter circuit (with timing diagram): [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
- ROM memory addressing: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
Math animations:
- Differentiation and integration: [fast GIF] [slow GIF] [PDF]
![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_switch_circuit_fast.gif){kind=link}
![[slow GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_switch_circuit_slow.gif){kind=link}
![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_soldering_lug_fast.gif){kind=link}
![[slow GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_soldering_lug_slow.gif){kind=link}
![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_induction_fast.gif){kind=link}
![[slow GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_induction_slow.gif){kind=link}
![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_thevenin_fast.gif){kind=link}
![[slow GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_thevenin_slow.gif){kind=link}
![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_lissajous0_fast.gif){kind=link}
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![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_3phase_motor_fast.gif){kind=link}
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![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_pushpull_fast.gif){kind=link}
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![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_pwm_fast.gif){kind=link}
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![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_telephony_mux_fast.gif){kind=link}
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![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_johnson_counter_fast.gif){kind=link}
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![[fast GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_ROM_memory_fast.gif){kind=link}
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![[slow GIF]](https://www.ibiblio.org/kuphaldt/socratic/output/animation_derivative_integral_slow.gif){kind=link}
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